Rubenerd: Multiple Java classes in one file

I got so much helpful feedback from friendly people here with my last Java question I thought I'd try again with another problem that's been gnawing at me for a few days. It's probably just a matter of scope, but I want to be sure!

Say for example I have a very basic Train class and within it I have Carriage objects. In this example the private Carriage class is within the class Train:

public class Train {
  Carriage[] carriages = new Carriage[10];
  public Train() {
    // constructor stuff
  }
  private class Carriage {
    public Carriage() {
      // constructor stuff
    }
  }
}

In this version Carriage is within the same file, but is a different class. This also compiles, but if I try to append a private keyword Java throws a "modifier not allowed here" error.

public class Train {
  Carriage[] carriages = new Carriage[10];
  public Train() {
    // constructor stuff
  }
}
class Carriage {
  public Carriage() {
    // constructor stuff
  }
}

Basically I need to know what the functional difference is between the two. Both compile and can be used; on my machine here I added a bunch of toString() methods and fleshed out their constructors and got identical output with each version. Is it simply a matter of scope? Is one approach more acceptable or preferred?

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